Emerging Research Fronts

Field	Name	Description
Agricultural Sciences	DECREASING SUGAR-SWEETENED BEVERAGE CONSUMPTION; CONTROLLED PILOT STUDY; BEVERAGE INTAKE; HEALTH STUDY; BLOOD INSTITUTE GROWTH by Ruth Striegel-Moore	Effects of decreasing sugar-sweetened beverage consumption on body weight in adolescents.
Biology & Biochemistry	GAMMA-SECRETASE INHIBITOR; FUNCTIONAL GAMMA-SECRETASE INHIBITOR; GAMMA-SECRETASE INHIBITORS BMS-289948; 575 INHIBITS BETA-AMYLOID PEPTIDE PRODUCTION; CEREBROSPINAL FLUID FOLLOWING TREATMENT by Eric Parker - [late entry]	The inhibition of gamma-secretase has the expected benefit of reducing beta-amyloid peptides in a murine model of Alzheimer disease but has potentially undesirable biological effects as well.
Featured Front: Chemistry	on: "MEDICINAL ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY" MEDICINAL ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY; ORGANOMETALLIC COMPLEXES; RUTHENIUM ARENE ANTICANCER COMPLEXES; ORGANOMETALLIC (ORGANO-TRANSITION METAL) PHARMACEUTICALS; TUNING CANCER CELL CYTOTOXICITY by Peter J. Sadler & Yaw Kai Yan	Certain ruthenium(II) arene complexes exhibit promising anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo.
Clinical Medicine	ADULT AIDS CLINICAL TRIALS GROUP STUDY; HEPATIC CYP2B6 EXPRESSION; HUMAN CYP2B6 GENE; CYP2B6 POLYMORPHISM; HIV NON-NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR EFAVIRENZ	The extensive interindividual variability of CYP2B6 expression and function is not only due to regulatory phenomena, but also caused by a common genetic polymorphism.
Computer Science	EFFICIENT BACKWARD GROUP PRESERVING SCHEME; BACKWARD GROUP PRESERVING SCHEMES; BACKWARD HEAT CONDUCTION PROBLEMS; TIME BURGERS EQUATION; PRESERVING CONSTRAINTS	A Lie-group shooting method for the numerical solutions of second order nonlinear boundary value problems exhibiting multiple solutions.
Economics & Business	ECONOMIC GROWTH; NATURAL SELECTION; CHEAP CHILDREN; FERTILITY DECLINE; PERSISTENCE by Oded Galor	An evolutionary growth theory that captures the interplay between the evolution of mankind and economic growth since the emergence of the human species.
Engineering	OZONE MONITORING INSTRUMENT (OMI); TROPOSPHERIC EMISSION SPECTROMETER RETRIEVALS; TES ATMOSPHERIC PROFILE RETRIEVAL CHARACTERIZATION; TES LEVEL 1 ALGORITHMS; OZONE-MONITORING INSTRUMENT CALIBRATION	The Ozone Monitoring Instrument flying on the NASA Earth Observing System Aura satellite measures aerosol characteristics, cloud top heights, and UV irradiance at the earth's surface.
Environment/ Ecology	SATURATED POROUS MEDIA; PHYSICALLY HETEROGENEOUS POROUS MEDIA; MICROBIAL TRANSPORT; STRAINING; ATTACHMENT by Menachem Elimelech and Nathalie Tufenkji; (Jun. 2005)	An equation for predicting particle filtration efficiency in saturated porous media.
Geosciences	EOS AURA MICROWAVE LIMB SOUNDER (MLS); EOS MICROWAVE LIMB SOUNDER (MLS); EARTH OBSERVING SYSTEM MICROWAVE LIMB SOUNDER (EOS MLS); MICROWAVE LIMB SOUNDER THZ MODULE; EOS MLS CLOUD ICE MEASUREMENTS by: Waters, JW; (Mar. 2007)	The Earth Observing System Microwave Limb Sounder on the Aura Satellite is providing measurements of atmospheric chemical species and pollution in the upper troposphere.
Immunology	PERIPHERAL CD4 T CELLS; CD25(+) CD4(+) T CELLS REGULATE; PERIPHERAL T CELLS; CD4(+) THYMOCYTES; PREVENT AUTOIMMUNE DIABETES	In the absence of a correlation between disease and the number of recovered CD4(+) cells, it is concluded that control of autoaggressive cell expansion and disease prevention are largely independent processes.
Materials Science	IRREVERSIBLE RELAXATION TRANSFORMATIONS; IRREVERSIBLE PHOTOINDUCED TRANSFORMATIONS; VACUUM DEPOSITED A-ASXS100-X THIN FILMS; GE-SB-TE FILMS; ELECTRICAL SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPES by Keiji Tanaka	Characteristics of amorphous-to-crystalline structural changes obtained using an electrical atomic force microscope.
Mathematics	FINITE ELEMENT VARIATIONAL MULTISCALE METHOD; NONCONFORMING STABILIZED FINITE ELEMENT METHODS USING INTERIOR PENALTY; THREE-LEVEL FINITE ELEMENT METHOD; STABILIZED FINITE ELEMENT SCHEMES; CONTINUOUS INTERIOR PENALTY METHOD	A stabilization technique for finite element methods for convection-diffusion-reaction equations
Microbiology	LETHAL H5N1 INFLUENZA VIRUSES ESCAPE HOST ANTI-VIRAL CYTOKINE RESPONSES; HONG KONG H5N1 INFLUENZA; (H5N1) VIRUSES; HUMAN DISEASE; HUMAN MACROPHAGES by Yoshihiro Kawaoka	A specific change in H5N1 viruses that allows them to grow well in humans has been identified.
Molecular Biology & Genetics	NF-KAPPA B SIGNALING PATHWAY; NF-KAPPA B SIGNALLING PATHWAY USING MOUSE KNOCKOUT; BLOCKING BCL-3-DEPENDENT NF-KAPPA B SIGNALING; NUCLEAR FACTOR KAPPA B PATHWAY; NF-KAPPA B ACTIVATION	Mice lacking the CLYD gene are highly susceptible to chemically induced skin tumors.
Multidisciplinary	LEAD-FREE PIEZOCERAMICS; 5)NBO3-LITAO3 LEAD-FREE PIEZOELECTRIC CERAMICS; LEAD-FREE (K; TA) O-3 CERAMICS; PIEZOELECTRIC PROPERTIES	A lead-free piezoelectric ceramic with an electric-field-induced strain comparable to typical actuator-grade lead zirconium titanate.
Neuroscience & Behavior	WNT-RYK SIGNALLING; MEDIAL-LATERAL RETINOTECTAL TOPOGRAPHIC MAPPING; RYK-MEDIATED WNT REPULSION REGULATES POSTERIOR-DIRECTED GROWTH; ANTERIOR-POSTERIOR GUIDANCE; COMMISSURAL AXONS; WNT-FRIZZLED SIGNALING	Wnt-Frizzled signaling guides commissural axons along the anterior-posterior axis of the spinal cord.
Pharmacology & Toxicology	KININ B-1 RECEPTORS; KININ RECEPTOR FAMILY; BRADYKININ RECEPTOR LIGANDS; KEY G-PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS; PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES	Kinin receptor subtypes have been identified that mediate numerous vascular and pain responses to tissue injury.
Physics	LIQUID-LIQUID PHASE TRANSITION; SUPERCOOLED WATER STUDIED; FRAGILE-TO-STRONG DYNAMIC CROSSOVER; SUPERCOOLED CONFINED WATER; LIQUID-LIQUID PHASE TRANSITIONS by Limei Xu & Gene Stanley	Water models displaying a liquid-liquid critical point, the relation between changes in dynamic and thermodynamic anomalies arising from the presence of the liquid-liquid critical point.
Plant & Animal Science	HETEROTROPHIC SCHELDT ESTUARY (BELGIUM; ENHANCED OPEN OCEAN STORAGE; NUTRIENT-RICH ESTUARY (THE SCHELDT ESTUARY); CARBON BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLING MODELS; INTEGRATE CO2 FLUXES	The net uptake of carbon dioxide by coastal and marginal seas is about 20% of the world ocean's uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide, thus enhancing substantially the open ocean carbon dioxide storage.
Psychiatry/ Psychology	E-Z READER MODEL; EYE-MOVEMENT CONTROL; OCULOMOTOR-BASED MODEL; INTERACTIVE ACTIVATION MODEL; DYNAMICAL MODEL; SERIAL-ATTENTION MODEL	A theoretical framework for understanding how word identification, visual processing, attention, and oculomotor control jointly determine when and where the eyes move during reading.
Social Sciences, general	ENGAGED ENVIRONMENTAL ANTHROPOLOGY; CULTURAL CHANGE; INDIGENOUS PEOPLES; BIOLOGISTS; CONSERVATION by Adam Kuper	A theoretical discussion about some key concepts in anthropology and their use and abuse in political action.
Space Science	SPOT-4 DORIS DATA; INTERNATIONAL DORIS SERVICE; DORIS SYSTEM; Z-GEOCENTER DERIVED USING SATELLITE TRACKING DATA; GLOBAL GEODETIC OBSERVING SYSTEM by Zuheir Altamimi	The International Terrestrial Reference Frame combines unconstrained space geodesy solutions that are free from any tectonic plate motion model.
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