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New Hot Paper Comments

By Reto Gieré and Sorena S. Sorensen

ESI Special Topics, March 2005
Citing URL - http://www.esi-topics.com/nhp/2005/march-05-Giere_Sorensen.html

Reto Gieré and Sorena S. Sorensen answer a few questions about this month's new hot paper in the field of Geosciences.


From •>>March 2005

Field: Geosciences
Article Title: Allanite and other REE-rich epidote-group minerals
Authors: Giere, R;Sorensen, SS
Journal: REV MINERAL GEOCHEM
Volume: 56:
Page: 431-493
Year: 2004
* Univ Freiburg, Inst Mineral Petrol & Geochem, Albertstr 23b, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
* Univ Freiburg, Inst Mineral Petrol & Geochem, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
* Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA.

RELATED INFORMATION:
  This paper was also named the Emerging Research Front in Geosciences for February 2005.

ST:  Why do you think your paper is highly cited?

Reto Gieré
Sorena S. Sorensen
“Our paper is a compilation and modern analysis of all the mineralogical and chemical data from the 1850s until 2004 for allanite, a relatively rare calcium- aluminum- silicate mineral.”

Our paper is a compilation and modern analysis of all the mineralogical and chemical data from the 1850s until 2004 for allanite, a relatively rare calcium-aluminum-silicate mineral. This mineral commonly preserves a detailed record of the chemical evolution of the environment from which it crystallizes. This in turn informs the allanite researcher about the evolution of the magma or metamorphic fluid that produced the mineral’s complex zoning patterns and elemental abundances. Moreover, allanite can be dated by both traditional and in situ methods. Together, these properties can yield invaluable information about Earth’s history, the understanding of which is the ultimate goal of every geologist.

ST:  Does it describe a new discovery or a new methodology that's useful to others?

No, but it is a detailed encyclopedia of the mineral allanite and suggests possible ways of extracting information that is relevant to geologists interested in a wide range of topics.

ST:  Could you summarize the significance of your paper in layman's terms?

The mineral allanite is a so-called "accessory mineral," and is found in igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. Accessory minerals, while common, are of minor to trace abundances in most rocks, and challenging to study. They merit study because, even though they represent less than 2% of a rock by volume, the accessory minerals host most of a rock’s trace elements. Trace elements include the rare earth elements (or lanthanides), niobium, tantalum, zirconium, uranium, and thorium. Several trace elements are naturally radioactive, and can be used to obtain ages of rock crystallization and metamorphism. Trace elements also form the basis of modern process-oriented geochemistry. Because accessory minerals actively participate in many geochemical processes, the contained radioactive elements and decay products can be used to date these processes. In addition, allanite records and preserves the chemical evolution of its environment as it grows. For these reasons the mineral has become one of the most important tools for geochemists who try to understand the geologic history of rocks ranging from marbles in Antarctica to schists in the Swiss Alps and lavas erupting in Indonesia.

ST:  How did you become involved in this research?

Curiosity has driven most of our research, and allanite with its unique properties had caught our attention in our early studies. Our fascination with allanite is as strong as the first time we observed it in rocks under the microscope, and even now we are writing a new allanite paper—about allanite found in granites from Alaska—with a third colleague.End

Dr. Reto Gieré
Professor of Geochemistry
Mineralogisch-Geochemisches Institut
Universität Freiburg, Germany
Freiburg, Germany

Sorena S. Sorensen, Ph.D.
Geologist, Curator-in-Charge, Rock and Ore Collections
Department of Mineral Sciences
The National Museum of Natural History
Smithsonian Institution
Washington, DC, USA

ESI Special Topics, March 2005
Citing URL - http://www.esi-topics.com/nhp/2005/march-05-Giere_Sorensen.html

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