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Reto Gieré and Sorena S. Sorensen
answer a few questions about this month's
new hot paper in the field of Geosciences.
From
•>>March 2005
Field:
Geosciences
Article Title: Allanite and other REE-rich epidote-group minerals
Authors: Giere,
R;Sorensen, SS
Journal: REV MINERAL GEOCHEM
Volume: 56:
Page: 431-493
Year: 2004
* Univ Freiburg, Inst Mineral Petrol & Geochem, Albertstr 23b, D-79104
Freiburg, Germany.
* Univ Freiburg, Inst Mineral Petrol & Geochem, D-79104
Freiburg, Germany.
* Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
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INFORMATION: |
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This paper was also named the Emerging Research Front in
Geosciences for February
2005. |
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Why
do you think your paper is highly cited?
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“Our paper is a compilation and modern analysis of all the mineralogical and chemical data from the 1850s until 2004 for
allanite, a relatively rare calcium- aluminum-
silicate mineral.”
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Our paper is a compilation and modern analysis of all the
mineralogical and chemical data from the 1850s until 2004 for allanite,
a relatively rare calcium-aluminum-silicate mineral. This mineral
commonly preserves a detailed record of the chemical evolution of the
environment from which it crystallizes. This in turn informs the
allanite researcher about the evolution of the magma or metamorphic
fluid that produced the mineral’s complex zoning patterns and
elemental abundances. Moreover, allanite can be dated by both
traditional and in situ methods. Together, these properties can
yield invaluable information about Earth’s history, the
understanding of which is the ultimate goal of every geologist.
Does
it describe a new discovery or a new methodology that's useful to
others?
No, but it is a detailed encyclopedia of the mineral allanite and
suggests possible ways of extracting information that is relevant to
geologists interested in a wide range of topics.
Could
you summarize the significance of your paper in layman's terms?
The mineral allanite is a so-called "accessory
mineral," and is found in igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
rocks. Accessory minerals, while common, are of minor to trace
abundances in most rocks, and challenging to study. They merit study
because, even though they represent less than 2% of a rock by
volume, the accessory minerals host most of a rock’s trace
elements. Trace elements include the rare earth elements (or
lanthanides), niobium, tantalum, zirconium, uranium, and thorium.
Several trace elements are naturally radioactive, and can be used to
obtain ages of rock crystallization and metamorphism. Trace elements
also form the basis of modern process-oriented geochemistry. Because
accessory minerals actively participate in many geochemical
processes, the contained radioactive elements and decay products can
be used to date these processes. In addition, allanite records and
preserves the chemical evolution of its environment as it grows. For
these reasons the mineral has become one of the most important tools
for geochemists who try to understand the geologic history of rocks
ranging from marbles in Antarctica to schists in the Swiss Alps and
lavas erupting in Indonesia.
How
did you become involved in this research?
Curiosity has driven most of our research, and allanite with its
unique properties had caught our attention in our early studies. Our
fascination with allanite is as strong as the first time we observed
it in rocks under the microscope, and even now we are writing a new
allanite paper—about allanite found in granites from Alaska—with
a third colleague.
Dr. Reto Gieré
Professor of Geochemistry
Mineralogisch-Geochemisches Institut
Universität Freiburg, Germany
Freiburg, Germany
Sorena S. Sorensen, Ph.D.
Geologist, Curator-in-Charge, Rock and Ore Collections
Department of Mineral Sciences
The National Museum of Natural History
Smithsonian Institution
Washington, DC, USA
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ESI Special Topics,
March 2005
Citing URL - http://www.esi-topics.com/nhp/2005/march-05-Giere_Sorensen.html
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